What Is an Impacted Tooth?
An impacted tooth is a condition that describes teeth which have not fully erupted within the jawbone or have developed in an incorrect position. Although it is most commonly seen in wisdom teeth, it may also occur in other teeth.
This condition often goes unnoticed at first, but over time it can lead to pain, jaw structure problems, and infections. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are highly important for maintaining oral health and preventing more serious complications.
The teeth most frequently affected are the third molars, commonly known as wisdom teeth.
Problems Caused by Impacted Teeth
Impacted teeth are not only problematic because they remain trapped within the jaw, but also because of the damage they may cause to surrounding tissues and neighboring teeth. If left untreated, they can lead to progressive infections, pain, and permanent damage to the jaw structure. For this reason, being aware of the possible complications is crucial for early intervention.
Possible Problems:
- Severe pain in the jaw and gums
- Causing neighboring teeth to shift or become crowded
- Gum inflammation and abscesses
- Formation of cysts or tumors in the jawbone
- Negative impact on chewing and speech functions
- Facial swelling and aesthetic deformities
- Damage to the root structures of adjacent teeth
Symptoms and Diagnosis of Impacted Teeth
Impacted teeth can often develop for a long time without showing symptoms. However, over time they may cause pain, swelling, and difficulty in chewing. The most common symptoms include redness of the gums, difficulty opening the mouth, and bad breath. In some patients, shifting of neighboring teeth or misalignment in the dental arch may also occur.
During the diagnostic process, the dentist first performs a clinical examination and evaluates the patient’s complaints. For a definitive diagnosis, panoramic X-rays or digital tomography are used. These imaging methods reveal the exact position of the tooth, its root structure, and its impact on the jawbone in detail.
Effects of Impacted Teeth on Jaw Structure
Impacted teeth can affect not only dental health but also the jawbone and facial aesthetics. Teeth that are incorrectly positioned within the jaw may exert pressure on the bone over time, leading to both structural changes and functional problems. If left untreated, this condition may result in long-term complications such as jaw joint (TMJ) pain, irregular tooth alignment, and facial asymmetry.
Possible Effects on the Jaw:
- Misalignment and crowding of teeth
- Development of cysts or cystic lesions in the jawbone
- Resorption or damage of adjacent tooth roots
- Pain and loss of function in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
- Chewing difficulties and problems with biting
- Long-term changes in facial symmetry
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